In this article, we propose two-stage planning models for Electricity-Gas Coupled Integrated Energy System (EGC-IES), in which traditional thermal power plants (TTPPs) are considered to be retrofitted ...

To address uncertainties, two-stage robust optimization (TSRO) methods have been widely used for power system operation and planning problems. However, solving TSRO problems with integer recourses of ...

Most people picture wind turbines as massive structures hundreds of feet tall, generating megawatts of power. However, small ...