Smoke-exposed individuals "showed an increase in memory CD8+ T cells (a type of immune cell critical to long-term immunity against pathogens) and elevated activation and chemokine receptor biomarkers ...

The innate immune system is the body's first line of defense against pathogens and foreign substances. An essential component of this system are pattern recognition receptors, which recognize non-self ...

Insects possess a remarkable ability to develop innate immune memory, and the mechanisms underlying this process are becoming a central topic in innate immunity research.

The innate immune system is the body's first line of defense against pathogens and foreign substances. An essential component ...

Nucleic acid immunity involves a sophisticated set of mechanisms for identifying nucleic acids by immune receptors, playing a vital role in physiological ...