Developments of medical technologies have been allowed a minimally invasive surgery. However, higher techniques are required to surgeons in such minimally invasive surgeries. A surgical simulator ...

The mass appeared either extradural or intradural-extramedullary and caused mild spinal cord compression. The mass exhibited contrast-enhancement, appeared continuous with the dura mater, and was ...

With the progression of OLF, the spinal cord will be subjected to severe compression and the patient may eventually be paralysed. Surgical treatment is generally accepted as the best option. 2–6 When ...