Normally, the sphincter remains closed as the bladder fills with urine. The weakened muscles and relaxed pelvic floor have ...

Chekuri, V. and Trotter, G. (2025) Case Report: A Diagnostic Odyssey Unveiling BCGosis in an Elderly Patient. Case Reports in ...

Frequent cystoscopy for monitoring nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is burdensome and costly, prompting a search for alternatives.