Lancet (2014) Gamblin, S. J. et al. The structure and receptor binding properties of the 1918 influenza hemagglutinin. Science 303, 1838–1842 (2004) ...

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2419800122 Pradeep Chopra et al, Receptor-binding specificity of a bovine influenza A virus, Nature (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08822-5 ...

But researchers from Utrecht University and the University of Copenhagen now report that the H3N2 influenza A virus gradually adapted to high-affinity human receptor binding and entry specificity ...

Modest changes in the 1918 flu virus's hemagglutinin receptor binding site--a molecular structure critical for the spread of infection--stopped viral transmission in ferrets, according to a new ...

Past research has shown that several influenza mutations, including the ones tested in the new paper, are important in human receptor binding, Guthmiller says. These genetic tweaks have been ...

Historical evidence of receptor-binding shifts highlights the risk of pandemics, necessitating further research on H5N1 evolution globally. The HA ectodomain sequence of the influenza A/Texas/37/ ...

The mutated hemagglutinin’s binding affinity to human-type receptors was weak, but Paulson noted that this was also the case when the H1N1 virus that caused the 2009 swine flu pandemic first ...

With the help of their new development, they have also analyzed how novel influenza viruses use alternative receptors to enter target cells. The results were published in two papers in the journal ...

A previous switch in receptor binding preferences was critical for influenza pandemics in 1918, 1957, 1968 and 2009. As of this writing, 58 cases of bird flu had been reported in humans in the U.S ...

Influenza viruses infect hosts by binding to sialic acid receptors in the respiratory tract. Avian viruses preferentially bind to α2,3-linked receptors, while human viruses target α2,6-linked ...